Electrochemical Energy Reviews ›› 2021, Vol. 4 ›› Issue (2): 336-381.doi: 10.1007/s41918-020-00085-0

• • 上一篇    下一篇

Advanced Noncarbon Materials as Catalyst Supports and Non-noble Electrocatalysts for Fuel Cells and Metal–Air Batteries

Shiming Zhang1, Menghui Chen1, Xiao Zhao1, Jialin Cai1, Wei Yan1, Joey Chung Yen1, Shengli Chen2, Yan Yu3, Jiujun Zhang1,3   

  1. 1. Institute for Sustainable Energy/College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China;
    2. Hubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Power Sources, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China;
    3. Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Technologies, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, China
  • 收稿日期:2020-06-15 修回日期:2020-07-17 出版日期:2021-06-20 发布日期:2021-06-19
  • 基金资助:
    This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 21606149, 21832004, U1905215, and 51672046), Shanghai Rising-Star Program (18QB1404400) and National Key Research and Development Program/Key Scientific Issues of Transformative Technology (2020YFA0710303).

Advanced Noncarbon Materials as Catalyst Supports and Non-noble Electrocatalysts for Fuel Cells and Metal–Air Batteries

Shiming Zhang1, Menghui Chen1, Xiao Zhao1, Jialin Cai1, Wei Yan1, Joey Chung Yen1, Shengli Chen2, Yan Yu3, Jiujun Zhang1,3   

  1. 1. Institute for Sustainable Energy/College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China;
    2. Hubei Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Power Sources, Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China;
    3. Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Technologies, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, China
  • Received:2020-06-15 Revised:2020-07-17 Online:2021-06-20 Published:2021-06-19
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 21606149, 21832004, U1905215, and 51672046), Shanghai Rising-Star Program (18QB1404400) and National Key Research and Development Program/Key Scientific Issues of Transformative Technology (2020YFA0710303).

摘要: Electrochemical energy systems such as fuel cells and metal–air batteries can be used as clean power sources in the field of electric transportation and possess great potential in the reduction of various energy and environmental issues. In these systems, the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at the cathode is the rate-determining factor for overall system performance, and up to now, platinum group metals supported on carbon materials, especially Pt, remain the highest performing and the most practical ORR electrocatalysts. However, corresponding carbonaceous catalyst supports are extremely susceptible to corrosion under electrochemical operation, and therefore, the extensive exploration of alternative stable materials for ORR electrocatalysts with both high electrochemical stability and catalytic performance is essential. Here, noncarbon materials with high corrosion resistance have been explored to substitute traditional carbon supports or even act directly as low-cost non-noble metal electrocatalysts, and based on this, this review will present a comprehensive overview and deep analysis of the recent progress in noncarbon materials, including metals, oxides, nitrides, carbides, sulfides, and so on. Overall, general attributes associated with noncarbon materials include high corrosion resistance, strong metal–support interaction, and impressive porous structure retention. However, major drawbacks include low electrical conductivity, insufficient chemical stability in acidic or alkaline media, and poor electrochemical stability at ORR electrode potentials. To overcome these challenges, this review will also summarize efficient strategies such as combining with highly conductive materials, introducing dopants and forming vacancies to result in promising electrocatalytic ORR performances. Finally, this review will propose possible research directions to facilitate future research and development toward the practical application of noncarbon-based ORR electrocatalysts.

Full-text: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s41918-020-00085-0

关键词: Noncarbon materials, Supports, Electrocatalysts, Oxygen reduction reaction, Fuel cells, Metal–air batteries

Abstract: Electrochemical energy systems such as fuel cells and metal–air batteries can be used as clean power sources in the field of electric transportation and possess great potential in the reduction of various energy and environmental issues. In these systems, the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) at the cathode is the rate-determining factor for overall system performance, and up to now, platinum group metals supported on carbon materials, especially Pt, remain the highest performing and the most practical ORR electrocatalysts. However, corresponding carbonaceous catalyst supports are extremely susceptible to corrosion under electrochemical operation, and therefore, the extensive exploration of alternative stable materials for ORR electrocatalysts with both high electrochemical stability and catalytic performance is essential. Here, noncarbon materials with high corrosion resistance have been explored to substitute traditional carbon supports or even act directly as low-cost non-noble metal electrocatalysts, and based on this, this review will present a comprehensive overview and deep analysis of the recent progress in noncarbon materials, including metals, oxides, nitrides, carbides, sulfides, and so on. Overall, general attributes associated with noncarbon materials include high corrosion resistance, strong metal–support interaction, and impressive porous structure retention. However, major drawbacks include low electrical conductivity, insufficient chemical stability in acidic or alkaline media, and poor electrochemical stability at ORR electrode potentials. To overcome these challenges, this review will also summarize efficient strategies such as combining with highly conductive materials, introducing dopants and forming vacancies to result in promising electrocatalytic ORR performances. Finally, this review will propose possible research directions to facilitate future research and development toward the practical application of noncarbon-based ORR electrocatalysts.

Full-text: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s41918-020-00085-0

Key words: Noncarbon materials, Supports, Electrocatalysts, Oxygen reduction reaction, Fuel cells, Metal–air batteries