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Please wait a minute... For Selected: Download Citations EndNote Ris BibTeX Toggle Thumbnails Select Building the Robust Fluorinated Electrode–Electrolyte Interface in Rechargeable Batteries: From Fundamentals to Applications Xiangjun Pu, Shihao Zhang, Dong Zhao, Zheng-Long Xu, Zhongxue Chen, Yuliang Cao Electrochemical Energy Reviews    2024, 7 (3): 21-.   DOI: 10.1007/s41918-024-00226-9 Abstract （408）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save Endowed by high energy density and high conversion efficiency between chemical and electric energy, rechargeable batteries are indispensable in a variety of different energy-level applications, ranging from portable devices (W-level) to electric vehicles (kW-level) and large-scale energy storage systems (MW-level). However, many lingering scientific and technical challenges still inhibit their wide applications, including low Coulombic efficiency, inferior cycle/rate performance, and safety hazards. After decades of extensive research, it is widely accepted that these challenges are largely influenced by the interfacial chemistry occurring at the electrode-electrolyte interface (EEI). EEI includes both the solid electrolyte interphase on the anode and the cathode electrolyte interphase on the cathode, and the great protective capability of the fluorinated interface is gradually unveiled. Although intensive research efforts have been devoted to fabricating various ex situ artificial and in situ interfacial fluorinated layers, the fundamental approaches to the fluorinated interface are still inferior and not systematically categorized and analyzed. In this contribution, we have confined and proposed five principles regarding obtaining fluorinated interfaces from pretreatment, solvent-separated ion pairs, contact ion pairs, aggregates, and feasible decomposition from numerous reports and built up a systematic design framework to guide the construction of the protective fluorinated interfaces for rechargeable batteries, offering target-oriented guidelines to tackle interface issues in secondary batteries. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0） Select Engineering, Understanding, and Optimizing Electrolyte/Anode Interfaces for All-Solid-State Sodium Batteries Wenhao Tang, Ruiyu Qi, Jiamin Wu, Yinze Zuo, Yiliang Shi, Ruiping Liu, Wei Yan, Jiujun Zhang Electrochemical Energy Reviews    2024, 7 (3): 23-.   DOI: 10.1007/s41918-024-00228-7 Abstract （437）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save Rechargeable all-solid-state sodium batteries (ASS-SBs), including all-solid-state sodium-ion batteries and all-solid-state sodium-metal batteries, are considered highly advanced electrochemical energy storage technologies. This is owing to their potentially high safety and energy density and the high abundance of sodium resources. However, these materials are limited by the properties of their solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) and various SSE/Na interfacial challenges. In recent years, extensive research has focused on understanding the interfacial behavior and strategies to overcome the challenges in developing ASS-SBs. In this prospective, the sodium-ion conduction mechanisms in different SSEs and the interfacial failure mechanisms of their corresponding batteries are comprehensively reviewed in terms of chemical/electrochemical stability, interfacial contacts, sodium dendrite growth, and thermal stability. Based on mechanistic analysis, representative interfacial engineering strategies for the interface between SSEs and Na anodes are summarized. Advanced techniques, including in situ/ex situ instrumental and electrochemical measurements and analysis for interface characterization, are also introduced. Furthermore, advanced computer-assisted methods, including artificial intelligence and machine learning (which can complement experimental systems), are discussed. The purpose of this review is to outline the solid-state electrolyte and electrolyte/anode interface challenges, and the potential research directions for overcoming these challenges. This would enable target-oriented research for the development of solid-state electrochemical energy storage devices. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0） Select Recent Progress on Designing Carbon Materials by Structural Tuning and Morphological Modulation as K+-Storage Anodes Jiafeng Ruan, Sainan Luo, Qin Li, Han Man, Yang Liu, Yun Song, Fang Fang, Fei Wang, Shiyou Zheng, Dalin Sun Electrochemical Energy Reviews    2024, 7 (3): 24-.   DOI: 10.1007/s41918-024-00227-8 Abstract （394）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save Potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) have attracted tremendous attention during the past several years due to their abundant reserves, wide distribution, fast ionic conductivity, and high operating voltage. The primary obstacle impeding the commercialization of rechargeable PIBs is the lack of suitable high-performance anode materials. Carbon materials, known for their environmental friendliness, abundant availability, and outstanding comprehensive performance, have received extensive attention because they can be utilized directly as anodes or serve as a constrained matrix for conversion-/alloying-type anodes to enhance the electrochemical performance. Structural tuning and morphological modulation are two common strategies for modifying carbon materials. In this review, the recent progress in carbon materials aimed at enhancing the performance of PIBs through the utilization of these two strategies is systematically summarized. First, the effects of structural tuning and morphological modulation on the electrochemical properties of carbon materials and the corresponding storage mechanisms are reviewed. Second, the performance improvement mechanisms of conversion-/alloying-type anodes utilizing carbon scaffolds based on these two strategies are systematically discussed. Third, the application of carbon materials based on various modification strategies in various advanced K+ storage devices is reviewed. Finally, the challenges and perspectives for the further development of carbon-based materials for PIBs are highlighted. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0） Select Safety Issues and Improvement Measures of Ni-Rich Layered Oxide Cathode Materials for Li-Ion Batteries Baichuan Cui, Zhenxue Xiao, Shaolun Cui, Sheng Liu, Xueping Gao, Guoran Li Electrochemical Energy Reviews    2024, 7 (3): 27-.   DOI: 10.1007/s41918-024-00211-2 Abstract （114）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save Ni-rich layered oxide cathode materials hold great promise for enhancing the energy density of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to their impressive specific capacity. However, the chemical and structural stability issues associated with the materials containing a high Ni content have emerged as a primary safety concern, particularly in the context of traction batteries for electric vehicles. Typically, when these materials are in a highly charged state, their metastable layered structure and highly oxidized transition metal ions can trigger detrimental phase transitions. This leads to the generation of oxygen gas and the degradation of the material’s microstructure, including the formation of cracks, which can promote the interactions between Ni-rich materials and electrolytes, further generating flammable gases. Consequently, various strategies have been devised at the material level to mitigate potential safety hazards. This review begins by providing an in-depth exploration of the sources of instability in Ni-rich layered oxides, drawing from their crystal and electronic structures, and subsequently outlines the safety issues that arise as a result. Subsequently, it delves into recent advancements and approaches aiming at modifying Ni-rich cathode materials and electrolytes to enhance safety. The primary objective of this review is to offer a concise and comprehensive understanding of why Ni-rich cathode materials are susceptible to safety incidents and to present potential methods for improving the safety of Ni-rich cathode materials in high-density LIBs. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0） Select Towards High Value-Added Recycling of Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries for Catalysis Application Ruyu Shi, Boran Wang, Di Tang, Xijun Wei, Guangmin Zhou Electrochemical Energy Reviews    2024, 7 (3): 28-.   DOI: 10.1007/s41918-024-00220-1 Abstract （172）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save With the proposal of the global carbon neutrality target, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are bound to set off the next wave of applications in portable electronic devices, electric vehicles, and energy-storage grids due to their unique merits. However, the growing LIB market poses a severe challenge for waste management during LIB recycling after end-of-life, which could cause serious environmental pollution and resource waste without proper treatment. Pyrometallurgical, hydrometallurgical, and direct recycling of spent LIBs have been developed, guided by the “waste to wealth” principle, and were applied to LIB remanufacturing. However, some spent LIB materials with low values or great direct regeneration difficulties may not be suitable for the above options, necessitating expanded application ranges of spent LIBs. Considering their unique compositions, using waste electrode materials directly or as precursors to prepare advanced catalysts has been proposed as another promising disposal technology for end-of-life LIBs. For example, transition metal elements in the cathode, like Ni, Co, Mn, and Fe, have been identified as catalytic active centers, and graphite anodes can serve as the catalyst loading matrix. This scheme has been adopted in various catalysis applications, and preliminary progress has been made. Therefore, this review summarizes and discusses the application of spent LIB recycling materials in catalysis and classified it into three aspects: environmental remediation, substance conversion, and battery-related catalysis. Moreover, the existing challenges and possible foci of future research on spent LIB recycling are also discussed. This review is anticipated to mark the start of close attention to the high-value-added applications of spent LIB products, enhancing economic efficiency and sustainable development. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0） Select Si-Based Anodes: Advances and Challenges in Li-Ion Batteries for Enhanced Stability Hongshun Zhao, Jianbin Li, Qian Zhao, Xiaobing Huang, Shuyong Jia, Jianmin Ma, Yurong Ren Electrochemical Energy Reviews    2024, 7 (2): 11-.   DOI: 10.1007/s41918-024-00214-z Abstract （207）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save Owing to their advantages, such as a high energy density, low operating potential, high abundance, and low cost, rechargeable silicon (Si) anode lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have attracted considerable interest. Significant advancements in Si-based LIBs have been made over the past decade. Nevertheless, because the cycle instability is a crucial factor in the half/full-battery design and significantly affects the consumption of active components and the weight of the assembled battery, it has become a concern in recent years. This paper presents a thorough analysis of the recent developments in the enhancement methods for the stability of LIBs. Comprehensive in situ and operando characterizations are performed to thoroughly evaluate the electrochemical reactions, structural evolution, and degradation processes. Approaches for enhancing the cycle stability of Si anodes are systematically divided from a design perspective into several categories, such as the structural regulation, interfacial design, binder architecture, and electrolyte additives. The advantages and disadvantages of several methods are emphasized and thoroughly evaluated, offering insightful information for the logical design and advancement of cutting-edge solutions to address the deteriorating low-cycle stability of silicon-based LIBs. Finally, the conclusions and potential future research perspectives for promoting the cycling instability of silicon-based LIBs are presented. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0） Select Li-Solid Electrolyte Interfaces/Interphases in All-Solid-State Li Batteries Linan Jia, Jinhui Zhu, Xi Zhang, Bangjun Guo, Yibo Du, Xiaodong Zhuang Electrochemical Energy Reviews    2024, 7 (2): 12-.   DOI: 10.1007/s41918-024-00212-1 Abstract （179）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save The emergence of all-solid-state Li batteries (ASSLBs) represents a promising avenue to address critical concerns like safety and energy density limitations inherent in current Li-ion batteries. Solid electrolytes (SEs) show significant potential in curtailing Li dendrite intrusion, acting as natural barriers against short circuits. However, the substantial challenges at the SEs-electrode interface, particularly concerning the anode, pose significant impediments to the practical implementation of ASSLBs. This review aims to delineate the most viable strategies for overcoming anode interfacial hurdles across four distinct categories of SEs: sulfide SEs, oxide SEs, polymer SEs, and halide SEs. Initially, pivotal issues such as anode interfacial side reactions, inadequate physical contact, and Li dendrite formation are comprehensively outlined. Furthermore, effective methodologies aimed at enhancing anode interfacial stability are expounded, encompassing approaches like solid electrolyte interface (SEI) interlayer insertion, SE optimization, and the adoption of Li alloy in lieu of Li metal, each tailored to specific SE categories. Moreover, this review presents novel insights into fostering interfaces between diverse SE types and Li anodes, while also advocating perspectives and recommendations for the future advancement of ASSLBs. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0） Select Towards Greener Recycling: Direct Repair of Cathode Materials in Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries Jiahui Zhou, Xia Zhou, Wenhao Yu, Zhen Shang, Shengming Xu Electrochemical Energy Reviews    2024, 7 (2): 13-.   DOI: 10.1007/s41918-023-00206-5 Abstract （165）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save The explosive growth and widespread applications of lithium-ion batteries in energy storage, transportation and portable devices have raised significant concerns about the availability of raw materials. The quantity of spent lithium-ion batteries increases as more and more electronic devices depend on them, increasing the risk of environmental pollution. Recycling valuable metals in these used batteries is an efficient strategy to solve the shortage of raw materials and reduce environmental pollution risks. Pyrometallurgy, hydrometallurgy and direct repair have been extensively studied to achieve these goals. The latter is considered an ideal recycling method (for lithium-ion cathode materials) due to its low cost, energy consumption, short duration and environmental friendliness, and it is nondestructive towards the cathode material itself. However, the direct repair is still in its earlier development stages, and a series of challenges must be tackled to succeed in commerce. This work summarizes the process, its effect and the mechanism of different direct repair methods. Moreover, the energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, costs and benefits of different methods will be discussed from economic and environmental perspectives. Feasible strategies are also proposed to address existing challenges, providing an insightful overview of the direct reparation of spent lithium-ion cathode materials. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0） Select Designing Organic Material Electrodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries: Progress, Challenges, and Perspectives Qiyu Wang, Thomas O'Carroll, Fengchun Shi, Yafei Huang, Guorong Chen, Xiaoxuan Yang, Alena Nevar, Natallia Dudko, Nikolai Tarasenko, Jingying Xie, Liyi Shi, Gang Wu, Dengsong Zhang Electrochemical Energy Reviews    2024, 7 (2): 15-.   DOI: 10.1007/s41918-024-00218-9 Abstract （223）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save Organic material electrodes are regarded as promising candidates for next-generation rechargeable batteries due to their environmentally friendliness, low price, structure diversity, and flexible molecular structure design. However, limited reversible capacity, high solubility in the liquid organic electrolyte, low intrinsic ionic/electronic conductivity, and low output voltage are the main problems they face. A lot of research work has been carried out to explore comprehensive solutions to the above problems through molecular structure design, the introduction of specific functional groups and specific molecular frameworks, from small molecules to polymer molecules, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs) and heterocyclic molecules; from simple organic materials to organic composites; from single functional groups to multi-functional groups; etc. The inevitable relationship between various molecular structure design and enhanced electrochemical properties has been illustrated in detail. This work also specifically discusses several approaches for the current application of organic compounds in batteries, including interfacial protective layer of inorganic metal oxide cathode, anode (metal lithium or silicon) and solid-state electrolyte, and host materials of sulfur cathode and redox media in lithium-sulfur batteries. This overview provides insight into a deep understanding of the molecular structure of organic electrode materials (OEMs) and electrochemical properties, broadens people’s research ideas, and inspires researchers to explore the advanced application of electroactive organic compounds in rechargeable batteries. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0） Select High-Entropy Strategy for Electrochemical Energy Storage Materials Feixiang Ding, Yaxiang Lu, Liquan Chen, Yong-Sheng Hu Electrochemical Energy Reviews    2024, 7 (2): 16-.   DOI: 10.1007/s41918-024-00216-x Abstract （170）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save Electrochemical energy storage technologies have a profound influence on daily life, and their development heavily relies on innovations in materials science. Recently, high-entropy materials have attracted increasing research interest worldwide. In this perspective, we start with the early development of high-entropy materials and the calculation of the configurational entropy. Then, we summarize the recent progress in material design and application using the high-entropy strategy, especially highlighting rechargeable battery materials. Finally, we discuss the potential directions for the future development of high-entropy energy materials. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0） Select Recent Progress in Sodium-Ion Batteries: Advanced Materials, Reaction Mechanisms and Energy Applications Yujun Wu, Wei Shuang, Ya Wang, Fuyou Chen, Shaobing Tang, Xing Long Wu, Zhengyu Bai, Lin Yang, Jiujun Zhang Electrochemical Energy Reviews    2024, 7 (2): 17-.   DOI: 10.1007/s41918-024-00215-y Abstract （178）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save For energy storage technologies, secondary batteries have the merits of environmental friendliness, long cyclic life, high energy conversion efficiency and so on, which are considered to be hopeful large-scale energy storage technologies. Among them, rechargeable lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been commercialized and occupied an important position as secondary batteries due to their high energy density and long cyclic life. Nevertheless, the uneven distribution of lithium resources and a large number of continuous consumptions result in a price increase for lithium. So, it is very crucial to seek and develop alternative batteries with abundant reserves and low cost. As one of the best substitutes for widely commercialized LIBs, sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) display gorgeous application prospects. However, further improvements in SIB performance are still needed in the aspects of energy/power densities, fast-charging capability and cyclic stability. Electrode materials locate at a central position of SIBs. In addition to electrode materials, electrolytes, conductive agents, binders and separators are imperative for practical SIBs. In this review, the latest progress and challenges of applications of SIBs are reviewed. Firstly, the anode and cathode materials for SIBs are symmetrically summarized from aspects of the design strategies and synthesis, electrochemical active sites, surrounding environments of active sites, reaction mechanisms and characterization methods. Secondly, the influences of electrolytes, conductive agents, binders and separators on the electrochemical performance are elucidated. Finally, the technical challenges are summarized, and the possible future research directions for overcoming the challenges are proposed for developing high performance SIBs for practical applications. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0） Select Li Alloys in All Solid-State Lithium Batteries: A Review of Fundamentals and Applications Jingru Li, Han Su, Yu Liu, Yu Zhong, Xiuli Wang, Jiangping Tu Electrochemical Energy Reviews    2024, 7 (2): 18-.   DOI: 10.1007/s41918-024-00221-0 Abstract （167）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save All solid-state lithium batteries (ASSLBs) overcome the safety concerns associated with traditional lithium-ion batteries and ensure the safe utilization of high-energy-density electrodes, particularly Li metal anodes with ultrahigh specific capacities. However, the practical implementation of ASSLBs is limited by the instability of the interface between the anode and solid-state electrolyte (SSE). To mitigate this, considerable research has been dedicated to achieving enhanced stability at the anode/SSE interface. Among the current strategies for enhancing interface performance, the concept of Li-alloy materials is extensively used and well functionalized in various scenarios, including Li alloys as anodes, Li-alloy interlayers and Li alloys in the anode. Despite the notable achievements of Li-alloy materials in ASSLBs, the functionality, practicality and working mechanism of Li-alloys have not been fully elucidated. This review commences by providing an exhaustive and in-depth examination of the fundamental kinetics, thermodynamics, and mechanics, highlighting Li-alloy materials. Subsequently, through a systematic interconnection of material properties and their practical applications, we undertake a comprehensive analysis of the operative principles governing Li alloys. This analytical approach allows a thorough evaluation of the viability and utility of Li alloys within the context of ASSLBs. Finally, this review concludes by succinctly summarizing the future prospects and inherent potential of Li-alloy materials for further advancing the field of ASSLBs. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0） Select Polyethylene Oxide-Based Composite Solid Electrolytes for Lithium Batteries: Current Progress, Low-Temperature and High-Voltage Limitations, and Prospects Xin Su, Xiao Pei Xu, Zhao Qi Ji, Ji Wu, Fei Ma, Li Zhen Fan Electrochemical Energy Reviews    2024, 7 (1): 2-.   DOI: 10.1007/s41918-023-00204-7 Abstract （187）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are considered to be one of the most promising power sources for mobile electronic products, portable power devices and vehicles due to their superior environmental friendliness, excellent energy density, negligible memory effect, good charge/discharge rates, stable cycling life, and efficient electrochemical energy conversion, which distinguish it from other power devices. However, the flammable and volatile organic solvents in carbonate-containing liquid electrolytes can leach, resulting in thermal runaway and interface reactions, thus significantly limiting its application. The use of polymer solid electrolytes is an effective way to solve this safety issues, among which poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO)-based solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) have attracted much attention because of their stable mechanical properties, ease of fabrication, excellent electrochemical and thermal stability. Unfortunately, PEO-SPEs with their low room-temperature ionic conductivity, narrow electrochemical windows, poor interface stability, and uncontrollable growth of lithium dendrites cannot meet the demand for high energy density in future LIBs. Therefore, this review firstly describes the ion transport mechanisms and challenges that are crucial for PEO-SPEs, and then provides a comprehensive review of current approaches to address the challenges, including novel and efficient lithium salts, additives, composite electrolytes, stable solid electrolyte interfaces, 3-D lithium metals and alloys, cathode protection layers and multi-layer electrolytes. Finally, future research directions are proposed for the stable operation of PEO-SPEs at room temperature and high voltage, which is imperative for the commercialization of safe and high energy density LIBs. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0） Select Research Progress on the Solid Electrolyte of Solid-State Sodium-Ion Batteries Shuzhi Zhao, Haiying Che, Suli Chen, Haixiang Tao, Jianping Liao, Xiao Zhen Liao, Zi Feng Ma Electrochemical Energy Reviews    2024, 7 (1): 3-.   DOI: 10.1007/s41918-023-00196-4 Abstract （261）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save Because sodium-ion batteries are relatively inexpensive, they have gained significant traction as large-scale energy storage devices instead of lithium-ion batteries in recent years. However, sodium-ion batteries have a lower energy density than lithium-ion batteries because sodium-ion batteries have not been as well developed as lithium-ion batteries. Solid-state batteries using solid electrolytes have a higher energy density than liquid batteries in regard to applications with sodium-ion batteries, making them more suitable for energy storage systems than liquid batteries. Due to their low ionic conductivity, solid electrolytes are currently unable to achieve comparable performance to liquid electrolytes at room temperature. In this review, we discuss the advancements in SSEs applied to sodium-ion batteries in recent years, including inorganic solid electrolytes, such as Na–β-Al2O3, NASICON and Na3PS4, polymer solid electrolytes based on PEO, PVDF-HFP and PAN, and plastic crystal solid electrolytes mainly composed of succinonitrile. Additionally, appropriate solutions for low ionic conductivity, a narrow electrochemical stability window and poor contact with electrodes, which are the significant flaws in current SSEs, are discussed in this review. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0） Select Solving the Singlet Oxygen Puzzle in Metal-O2 Batteries: Current Progress and Future Directions Yaying Dou, Shuochao Xing, Zhang Zhang, Zhen Zhou Electrochemical Energy Reviews    2024, 7 (1): 6-.   DOI: 10.1007/s41918-023-00201-w Abstract （217）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save The development of aprotic alkali metal-oxygen batteries has shown promise due to their high theoretical specific energy, which is supported by the exergonic oxygen electrochemistry. However, practical realization of these batteries has been impeded by parasitic reactions that compromise their rechargeability, efficiency, and cycle life. Recent research has identified highly reactive singlet oxygen (1O2) as the main cause of degradation, which has led to a focus on understanding and harnessing this reactive species. This review provides a summary of current knowledge on the formation mechanisms of 1O2, identifies knowledge gaps that need to be addressed in the future, and discusses the implications of contaminants and battery components for 1O2 formation. The review also covers recent advances in deactivating and taming 1O2, and explains the mechanisms that underpin these strategies. We conclude with perspectives on the remaining challenges and future research opportunities in the field of 1O2-related (electro)chemistry in metal-oxygen batteries. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0） Select Recent Advances in Redox Flow Batteries Employing Metal Coordination Complexes as Redox-Active Species Bin Liu, Yiju Li, Guocheng Jia, Tianshou Zhao Electrochemical Energy Reviews    2024, 7 (1): 7-.   DOI: 10.1007/s41918-023-00205-6 Abstract （232）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save Redox flow batteries (RFBs) that employ sustainable, abundant, and structure-tunable redox-active species are of great interest for large-scale energy storage. As a vital class of redox-active species, metal coordination complexes (MCCs) possessing the properties of both the organic ligands and transition metal ion centers are attracting increasing attention due to the advantages of multielectron charge transfer, high structural tailorability, and reduced material crossover. Herein, we present a critical overview of RFBs that employ MCCs as redox-active materials in both aqueous and nonaqueous mediums. The progress is comprehensively summarized, including the design strategies, solubility characteristics, electrochemical properties, and battery cycling performance of MCCs. Emphasis is placed on the ligand selection and modification strategies used to tune the critical properties of MCCs, including their redox potential, solubility, cycling stability, and electron transfer redox reactions, to achieve stable cycled RFBs with a high energy density. Furthermore, we discuss the current challenges and perspectives related to the development of MCC-based RFBs for large-scale energy storage implementations. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0） Select Electrospun Flexible Nanofibres for Batteries: Design and Application P. Robert Ilango, A. Dennyson Savariraj, Hongjiao Huang, Linlin Li, Guangzhi Hu, Huaisheng Wang, Xiaodong Hou, Byung Chul Kim, Seeram Ramakrishna, Shengjie Peng Electrochemical Energy Reviews    2023, 6 (4): 31-.   DOI: 10.1007/s41918-022-00148-4 Abstract （248）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save Flexible and free-standing electrospun nanofibres have been used as electrode materials in electrochemical energy storage systems due to their versatile properties, such as mechanical stability, superb electrical conductivity, and high functionality. In energy storage systems such as metal-ion, metal-air, and metal-sulphur batteries, electrospun nanofibres are vital for constructing flexible electrodes and substantially enhancing their electrochemical properties. The need for flexible batteries has increased with increasing demand for new products such as wearable and flexible devices, including smartwatches and flexible displays. Conventional batteries have several semirigid to rigid components that limit their expansion in the flexible device market. The creation of flexible and wearable batteries with greater mechanical flexibility, higher energy, and substantial power density is critical in meeting the demand for these new electronic items. The implementation of carbon and carbon-derived composites into flexible electrodes is required to realize this goal. It is essential to understand recent advances and the comprehensive foundation behind the synthesis and assembly of various flexible electrospun nanofibres. The design of nanofibres, including those comprising carbon, N-doped carbon, hierarchical, porous carbon, and metal/metal oxide carbon composites, will be explored. We will highlight the merits of electrospun carbon flexible electrodes by describing porosity, surface area, binder-free and free-standing electrode construction, cycling stability, and performance rate. Significant scientific progress has been achieved and logistical challenges have been met in promoting secondary battery usage; therefore, this review of flexible electrode materials will advance this easily used and sought-after technology. The challenges and prospects involved in the timely development of carbon nanofibre composite flexible electrodes and batteries will be addressed. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0） Select Ion Migration Mechanism Study of Hydroborate/Carborate Electrolytes for All-Solid-State Batteries Huixiang Liu, Xian Zhou, Mingxin Ye, Jianfeng Shen Electrochemical Energy Reviews    2023, 6 (4): 32-.   DOI: 10.1007/s41918-023-00191-9 Abstract （182）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save Hydroborate/carborate electrolytes represent an emerging and newly rediscovered solid electrolyte used in various all-solid-state batteries (such as lithium-ion batteries and sodium-ion batteries). High ionic conductivity, wide chemical/electrochemical stability, low density, and favorable mechanical properties make hydroborate/carborate electrolytes a promising candidate for solving the difficult challenges faced by the device integration and processing of all-solid-state batteries. It is remarkable that the ionic conductivity of solid electrolytes can be simply adjusted up to 10?3 S cm?1, and the optimized ionic conductivity can even reach 10?2 S cm?1. Furthermore, hydroborate/carborate electrolytes have been successfully formed and applied to?~?5 V high-voltage solid-state batteries. However, due to certain characteristics of hydroborate/carborate electrolytes, such as anion rotation and phase transition, it is challenging to understand the mechanism of their high ionic conductivity. Therefore, in this review, we summarized the latest research progress on hydroborate/carborate electrolytes, highlighted various mechanisms underlying the conductivity, described emerging characterization techniques and theoretical calculations, and listed general guidelines to unravel the high conductivity of hydroborate/carborate compounds. Novel strategies and suggestions on hydroborate/carborate work are also proposed. Following emerging research trends, we project promising future development toward the realization of hydroborate/carborate electrolytes in practical applications. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0） Select On Energy Storage Chemistry of Aqueous Zn-Ion Batteries: From Cathode to Anode Xiujuan Chen, Wei Li, David Reed, Xiaolin Li, Xingbo Liu Electrochemical Energy Reviews    2023, 6 (4): 34-.   DOI: 10.1007/s41918-023-00194-6 Abstract （219）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save Rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) have resurged in large-scale energy storage applications due to their intrinsic safety, affordability, competitive electrochemical performance, and environmental friendliness. Extensive efforts have been devoted to exploring high-performance cathodes and stable anodes. However, many fundamental issues still hinder the development of aqueous ZIBs. Here, we critically review and assess the energy storage chemistries of aqueous ZIBs for both cathodes and anodes. First, this review presents a comprehensive understanding of the cathode charge storage chemistry, probes the existing deficiencies in mechanism verification, and analyzes contradictions between the experimental results and proposed mechanisms. Then, a detailed summary of the representative cathode materials and corresponding comparative discussion is provided with typical cases encompassing structural features, electrochemical properties, existing drawbacks, and feasible remedies. Subsequently, the fundamental chemical properties, remaining challenges, and improvement strategies of both Zn metal and non-Zn anodes are presented to thoroughly explore the energy storage chemistry of ZIBs and pursue the development of high-performance ZIBs. Furthermore, the progress of mechanistic characterization techniques and theoretical simulation methods used for ZIBs is timely reviewed. Finally, we provide our perspectives, critical analysis, and insights on the remaining challenges and future directions for development of aqueous ZIBs. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0） Select Printed Solid-State Batteries Shiqiang Zhou, Mengrui Li, Peike Wang, Lukuan Cheng, Lina Chen, Yan Huang, Suzhu Yu, Funian Mo, Jun Wei Electrochemical Energy Reviews    2023, 6 (4): 35-.   DOI: 10.1007/s41918-023-00200-x Abstract （218）      PDF       Knowledge map    Save Solid-state batteries (SSBs) possess the advantages of high safety, high energy density and long cycle life, which hold great promise for future energy storage systems. The advent of printed electronics has transformed the paradigm of battery manufacturing as it offers a range of accessible, versatile, cost-effective, time-saving and ecoefficiency manufacturing techniques for batteries with outstanding microscopic size and aesthetic diversity. In this review, the state-of-the-art technologies and structural characteristics of printed SSBs have been comprehensively summarized and discussed, with a focus on the cutting-edge printing processes. Representative materials for fabricating printed electrodes and solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) have been systematically outlined, and performance optimization methods of printed SSBs through material modification have been discussed. Furthermore, this article highlights the design principles and adjustment strategies of printing processes of advanced SSB devices to realize high performance. Finally, the persistent challenges and potential opportunities are also highlighted and discussed, aiming to enlighten the future research for mass production of printed SSBs. Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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